Multipolar Press

Multipolar Press

Iran, Japan, and the Fourth Political Theory

Sovereignty beyond Western progress

Kazuhiro Hayashida's avatar
Kazuhiro Hayashida
Mar 10, 2026
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Kazuhiro Hayashida provides a Japanese perspective on a new theory of civilizational power and the legitimacy of Iran.

From the perspective of the Fourth Political Theory, as I interpret it, Iran’s 1979 revolution can be defined as the ejection of a rocket’s fuel booster.

It was the severing of the modernization model embodied by the Shah’s regime, a mode…

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