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Jean-Michel Nicolier's avatar

I found the article mostly accurate and thought provoking, but it overlooks a crucial dimension: how Europe arrived at its current political form in the first place. Without that, any discussion of Europe’s geopolitical identity is incomplete.

The turning point was not post-1945 American dominance, but something earlier and more fundamental: the American rejection of monarchy as a legitimate source of authority. The founding of the United States was the first large-scale political experiment built explicitly on replacing inherited hierarchy with popular sovereignty. That ideological rupture inspired radicals in France, which triggered a revolutionary chain reaction across the continent.

The 19th and early 20th centuries did not gradually refine this new order—they violently completed it. The First World War, followed by its continuation in the Second, eliminated the last major European monarchies that had acted as anchors of continuity. By 1945, Europe had effectively abolished its own civilizational operating system.

As a result, today’s political landscape reduces everything to a binary within the same principle: democratic capitalism versus totalitarian socialism. Both claim legitimacy “from the people.” They differ only in the mechanics of how that supposed will of the people should be expressed. The article critiques Europe’s relationship with “the West,” but misses the deeper point: Europe is trapped in a framework it adopted when it dismantled its traditional hierarchies.

This matters, because geopolitical identity cannot be separated from political anthropology—the way a civilization understands authority, order, and legitimacy. Europe’s current confusion stems from the fact that it abandoned its own model and replaced it with an ideology that did not arise organically from its history.

If there is a way out of this cul-de-sac, it may require Europe to reconsider what it discarded. Monarchies provided a natural, organic hierarchy—one that emerged from cultural evolution over centuries and is so deeply embedded in human imagination that even children’s stories are structured around it. This does not imply a return to absolutism, but it does mean acknowledging that stable civilizations tend to grow from inherited authority, not perpetual reinvention.

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Joanna Martin's avatar

You begin your article by spewing contempt for MY ancestors! [I always thought they were brave to come here (starting in the 1620s) when there were no welfare wagons to greet them & hand out free stuff. The English ones really did object to The Church of England. One of them, a nonconformist pastor, refused to pay for a license to preach in England and was fined. So he came to America.] You don't know anything about the kind of people who settled America - you just read about it in a writing by someone who despised America and you adopted the other person's thoughts as your own.

Shame on you.

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